Monday, June 05, 2006

Den depersonificerede løgn

Jeg har tidligere skrevet om manglen på det autoritative centrum i ”det samarbejdende internet”. Den digitale guru Jaron Lanier kredser om det samme emne i sit meget læsværdige indlæg Digital MaoismEdge.org.
I sit indlæg går Lanier til kamp mod helliggørelsen af det kollektive og fortabelsen af den individuelle stemme. Kollaborative services, kollektivt skrevne leksikaer og aviser skrevet af læserne. Alle er de eksempler på, at masserne, folket, borgerne eller brugerne er kommet til orde. I sandhed en demokratisk revolution, og nogen vil endda påstå første skridt på vejen til, at menneskeheden kan opnå en højere erkendelse gennem aggregeret kollektiv viden og vidensudveksling.

Hvem anbefaler?

Men hvem er det egentlig der anbefaler os bøgerne på Amazon, hvem er det faktisk, der skriver indlæggene på Wikipedia og hvem er de mennesker der skriver artiklerne på OhMyNews? Hvorfor bliver bøgerne, indlæggene eller artiklerne præsenteret for os? Hvorfor er de vigtige? Hvad er forfatternes forudsætninger for at skrive det de skriver? Hvilken sammenhæng indgår deres indlæg i?
Vi ved det ikke.
Vi ved bare, at disse bøger, indlæg eller artikler er steget til vejrs i opmærksomhedsøkonomien på grundlag af matematiske algoritmer eller implicitte sammenvævninger af myriader af webservices.

Hvor nyttig er Wikipedia?

Lanier’s pointe er, at kollektivets sortering og udvælgelse kan være nyttig, når man leder efter svar, der er verificerbare. Vi glæder os alle over, at få anbefalet bøger af en matematisk algoritme hos Amazon, fordi vi som regel meget hurtigt er i stand til at afgøre om det nu også er en relevant bog for os. Tilsvarende nyder vi også Googles resultater, når de peger os hen til lige præcis den webside, vi ledte efter.
Men hvor nyttig er Wikipedia, når man ønsker at læse den skinbarlige sandhed om profettegningerne eller hvor troværdig er OhMyNews, når man ønsker at forstå, hvad der sker i verden?

Teknokollektivisme

Problemet med den spirende teknokollektivisme er ikke at den – modsat tidligere fejlslagne forsøg på statsreguleret kollektivisme – fylder os med løgn. Problemet er, at den depersonificerer løgnen – den fjerner ansigtet eller stemmen fra udsagnet, og gør det således umuligt at forstå udsagn og ytringer i en meningsfuld kontekst.
Under sit demokratiske dække er teknokollektivismen i virkeligheden lige så totalitær som dens statsregulerede forgængere, fordi den baserer sig på den grundlæggende idé, at sandheden er en neutral og upersonlig størrelse, som man kan tilnærme sig, så længe man har masserne og matematikken på sin side.
Men sandhed er ikke upersonlig eller neutral. Sandhed opstår i et krydsfelt mellem personligheder og stemmer med holdninger. Sandhed vil aldrig være løsrevet fra stemme og kontekst, men vil altid være forankret i debat og konflikt mellem mennesker med forskellige holdninger og udgangspunkter for at sige, det de siger.

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